I like the sugar dark before adding water.
Granulated sugar drives this entire construction, transforming from dry crystals into a deeply roasted caramel base that defines the filling. Caramelizing sucrose requires precise thermal control, making a heavy-bottomed saucepan mandatory to distribute heat evenly and prevent scorching while the dry sugar melts over medium heat. When introducing boiling liquid to the molten sugar, stand back to avoid dangerous splattering caused by steam release. Tempering the separated egg yolks requires whisking them continuously while slowly streaming in the hot milk mixture, ensuring the proteins denature gradually into a smooth custard rather than curdling into scrambled bits. Judge the thickening stage visually by dragging a spoon through the simmering liquid; it should leave a distinct, momentary trail across the bottom of the pan before the mixture slowly flows back together. Folding stiffly beaten egg whites over the hot filling creates a buoyant meringue crown that browns rapidly when exposed to 350 degree heat. Pressing plastic wrap directly against the surface of the cooked custard while it cools prevents an undesirable rubbery skin from forming on top. Storing the finished dessert properly in a refrigerator maintains the stability of the whipped egg whites for up to forty-eight hours.